I recently had difficulties using Chocolatey chef cookbook to install packages on Windows 2012 R2 EC2 instances via Packer. For those who have issues, I would recommend to use an older version of chocolatey cookbook (12_5_fix). A solution is to modify Berksfile with the following:

cookbook 'chocolatey', git: "https://github.com/chocolatey/chocolatey-cookbook.git", branch: "12_5_fix"